It is estimated that if the number of times a garment is worn were doubled on average, the GHG emissions would possibly be 44% lower ( Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2017). Keeping clothing, fabric and fibers at their highest value as long as possible and increasing their recycling after use is one of the recommended approaches. Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2017 Niinimäki et al., 2020). This means, a growing amount of nonrenewable resources are extracted to produce clothing that is often used for only a short time ( Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2017).Īs the negative environmental impacts of fashion industry become widely acknowledged, numerous strategies are being discussed, examined and applied generally under the frameworks of sustainability and circular economy (e.g. In the last 15 years, clothing production has approximately doubled, while at the same time clothing utilization has decreased by 36%. According to the large report by Ellen MacArthur Foundation (2017), one of the root causes of the industry's wasteful nature is the low clothing utilization and low rates of recycling after use. The harmful impacts of the fashion and textile industry, for example, pollution and pressure on the environment, have gained a lot of attention. ![]() Moreover, quality plays a role even after the first ownership, as – quality allowing – it may have multiple further owners or users (e.g. On an individual level, quality is considered throughout the life cycle of garments – at the time of purchasing clothing, while using and taking care of it and, lastly, when choosing to discard a garment not used anymore. Quality is a particularly multilayered issue in terms of clothing. It often guides our decisions, and yet its definition is ambiguous. Quality is a concept that is embedded in everyday matters, ranging from food and consumer goods to lifestyle and living environments. The full terms of this licence may be seen at Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. ![]() This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) licence. Copyright © 2021, Maarit Aakko and Kirsi Niinimäki License
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